Laravel 9 Model Observers Example Tutorial

Mar 10, 2022 . Admin



Hi Guys,

In this example i will discuss about laravel 9 model observers example. this example will help you how to use laravel 9 model observers. I would like to show you what is observers in laravel 9. This tutorial will give you a simple example of laravel 9 model observers. Here, Creating a basic example of laravel 9 events and observers.

Laravel Observers are used to group event listeners for a model eloquent. Laravel Observers will listener event for model eloquent method like create, update and delete.

I will give you very simple example and use of laravel observers is, when you need to generate slug or auto generate unique id or something like logic add before or after create record then observers will help you. Let’s see the Laravel 9 Model Observers Tutorial Example step by step below.

Eloquent Hook:
  • Retrieved: after a record has been retrieved.
  • Creating: before a record has been created.
  • Created: after a record has been created.
  • Updating: before a record is updated.
  • Updated: after a record has been updated.
  • Saving: before a record is saved (either created orupdated).
  • Saved: after a record has been saved (either created orupdated).
  • Deleting: before a record is deleted or soft-deleted.
  • Deleted: after a record has been deleted or soft-deleted.
  • Restoring: before a soft-deleted record is going to berestored.
  • Restored: after a soft-deleted record has been restored.
Step 1: Download Laravel

Let us begin the tutorial by installing a new laravel application. if you have already created the project, then skip following step.

composer create-project laravel/laravel example-app

Now here we will see simple example, i have one product model and it has name, slug, price and unique_id column. so i need to create one record with name an price only. but when it's create i need to generate slug from name and auto generate unique_id.

so let's see how to create observers class and how it will works:

Step 2: Creat Models
php artisan make:observer ProductObserver --model=Product
app/Models/Product.php
<?php
  
namespace App\Models;
  
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
  
class Product extends Model
{
    use HasFactory;
  
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'price', 'slug', 'unique_id'
    ];
}

Create observers class for Product. So, create bellow command:

app/Observers/ProductObserver.php
<?php
  
namespace App\Observers;
  
use App\Models\Product;
  
class ProductObserver
{
    /**
     * Handle the Product "created" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function creating(Product $product)
    {
        $product->slug = \Str::slug($product->name);
    }
  
    /**
     * Handle the Product "created" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function created(Product $product)
    {
        $product->unique_id = 'PR-'.$product->id;
        $product->save();
    }
  
    /**
     * Handle the Product "updated" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function updated(Product $product)
    {
          
    }
  
    /**
     * Handle the Product "deleted" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function deleted(Product $product)
    {
          
    }
  
    /**
     * Handle the Product "restored" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function restored(Product $product)
    {
          
    }
  
    /**
     * Handle the Product "force deleted" event.
     *
     * @param  \App\Models\Product  $product
     * @return void
     */
    public function forceDeleted(Product $product)
    {
          
    }
}
Step 3: Observers

Register Observers class on provider.

app/Providers/EventServiceProvider.php
<?php
  
namespace App\Providers;
  
use Illuminate\Auth\Events\Registered;
use Illuminate\Auth\Listeners\SendEmailVerificationNotification;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Support\Providers\EventServiceProvider as ServiceProvider;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;
use App\Observers\ProductObserver;
use App\Models\Product;
  
class EventServiceProvider extends ServiceProvider
{
    /**
     * The event listener mappings for the application.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $listen = [
        Registered::class => [
            SendEmailVerificationNotification::class,
        ],
    ];
  
    /**
     * Register any events for your application.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function boot()
    {
        Product::observe(ProductObserver::class);
    }
}
Step 4: Create Route: routes/web.php
<?php
  
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
use App\Http\Controllers\ProductController;
  
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Web Routes
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Here is where you can register web routes for your application. These
| routes are loaded by the RouteServiceProvider within a group which
| contains the "web" middleware group. Now create something great!
|
*/
  
Route::get('product', [ProductController::class, 'index']);
Step 5: Create Controller: app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php
<?php
  
namespace App\Http\Controllers;
  
use App\Models\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
  
class ProductController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $product = Product::create([
            'name' => 'Platinum 1',
            'price' => 10
        ]);
  
        dd($product);
    }
}
Run Laravel App:

All steps have been done, now you have to type the given command and hit enter to run the laravel app:

php artisan serve

Now, you have to open web browser, type the given URL and view the app output:

http://localhost:8000/product
output :

I hope it can help you...

#Laravel 9